| Saints Carpus and Papylus | |
|---|---|
| Martyrs | |
| Died | 170 AD or 251 AD Pergamum, Asia Minor |
| Honored in | Eastern Orthodox Church |
| Feast | April 13; October 13 |
Saint Carpus and Papylus (Karpos and Papylos) are venerated as Christian martyrs together with Saints Agathodorus and Agathonica (Agathonice, Agathonike).[1] According to tradition, Carpus was a bishop of Thyateira (present-day Akhisar, Turkey), Papylus was a deacon, and Agathodorus was Carpus’s servant.[1] Agathonica was Papylus’s sister. They were killed in 251 AD at Pergamum during the persecutions of Decius.[1] Another tradition holds that they martyrs who died 170 AD, during the reign of Marcus Aurelius.[2]
The version of their legend that states that they died during the reign of Decius in the third century states that Carpus and Papylus were arrested by the Roman authorities.[2] When they refused to worship the Roman gods, they were led through Pergamum in chains, and then tied to horses and dragged to Sardis. Agathodorus and Agathonica followed Carpus and Papylus to Sardis, and there Agathonica was strangled to death with ox sinews.[2] The men were all decapitated. [2]
Eusebius of Caesarea edited a collection of martyrdoms, which contained the martyrdoms of Carpus and Papylus, and Agathonica.
A shorter form of the account of the saints’ martyrdom was published in 1881 in the Revue Archavalogique (Dec., p. 348 sq.), after it had been discovered in a Greek manuscript in the Paris Library.[2] The longer form of the account is the one that assigns the death date to the reign of Decius. [2] The shorter account, considered more trustworthy, simply describes Carpus and Papylus as Christians rather than as a bishop and deacon, respectively.[2] Papylus also describes himself as a citizen of Thyateira.[2] Contrary to the tradition that they died during the reign of Decius, the scholar Adolf von Harnack “has proved beyond all doubt that these martyrs were put to death during the reign of Marcus Aurelius, and that the shorter document which we have contains a genuine account related by an eye-witness.”[2]
A church dedicated to Carpus and Papylus was built in Constantinople in the late 4th or early 5th century, [3] the substructure of which survives near the 19th century Church of Saint Menas of Samatya.